The Challenge of Christ's Resurrection

Easter is arguably the greatest Christian feast, even more than Christmas. Both these great feasts are inextricably intertwined, because the purpose of Christ taking human form was to conquer sin and it's consequences through His death and Resurrection, to open the door to heaven for humanity. Easter happens once a year, still, it is not meant to get locked in a neat corner of our calendar, but remain alive in each moment of our lives. The Church clearly puts this before us, teaching that every Sunday in the Church's calendar (even the Sunday's in Lent) is a little Easter. Every Sunday we celebrate the resurrection of Jesus. But what does this mean in our concrete lives?

In the early centuries after Christ, Christianity was an underground religion, banned in the Roman empire, because the Romans took refusal to worship the Roman gods and Caesar (the Roman Emperor), who was also considered a god, a sign of opposition to the state. They equated such worship as patriotism and for these Romans, refusal was taken as a public protest against the emperor and the state. The consequence of this misunderstanding was that many persecutions (state sponsored executions) of Christians were authorized by several emperors. Many Christians were martyred - tortured, burned, fried in oil, crucified, fed to wild animals - subjected to every kind of conceivable torture. Yet, Christian leaders - Bishops exhorted them to remain steadfast, encouraging them with the thought of the Resurrection - being raised to eternal life. So they marched to the lions serenely with a prayer on their lips and joy on their faces, glad to meet their Lord Jesus, to the confounding of bystanders.

For these early Christians faith in the Resurrection of Jesus meant courage to face suffering and death, bringing even peace and joy because of a firm faith of reward greater than anything even the emperor could offer. But what about us, who at least don't have physical danger, though we may face other trials? What difference does Easter make to us? There is a confounding fact of the Church today that is based on the Resurrection - something which many, even within the Church are confounded by - the Priesthood. When a young man leaves his hopes and dreams to embrace a life of celibacy, renouncing marriage and a career following his call to the priesthood, many question, doubt and refuse to accept it. But really if God wants the best for each person, why does he demand such sacrifices of a candidate to the priesthood? This is a very valid question and demands an answer, all the more today when scandal has increased the number of doubters and led to a very negative opinion of this ancient ministry. For the answer, we'll search the history of the priesthood, from its inception to through the centuries. What was it originally intended to mean, and how it has been understood in the centuries past.

The priesthood was instituted by Jesus at the Last Supper, when he fulfilled the Old Covenant of the Passover in Egypt, by offering Himself as the Lamb of Sacrifice to take away the sins of the world. We see in the Acts of the Apostles, reference to the "breaking of the bread". So this became part of the worship of the early Church, because their leaders, being Jews, understood that Jesus was really instituting the New Covenant, giving new, richer meaning to the Old Covenant of Ancient Israel. So this was continued after the death and resurrection of Jesus, and has become the present day Mass. The early priests were called presbyters, who received this ministry through the laying on of hands, a practice which has continued to the present day. In the early Church, Apostles laid their hands and ordained presbyters. In the present day, Bishops, who are successors of the Apostles ordain priests by essentially the same rite.

The main function of priests (in any religion) is to offer sacrifice. In the Church, the sacrifice is really of Christ on the Cross. This is what it has been right from the beginning of the Church. At Calvary, Christ, the High Priest offered himself as a Sacrifice for the sins of the whole world. The essential uniqueness of Christ's Sacrifice was that He was the Priest, the Sacrifice and the altar of Sacrifice. Catholic priests, essentially carry on the priestly ministry of Jesus. They act in persona Christi - in the person of Jesus Christ when they celebrate Mass or hear Confession. The sacrifice of young men becoming priests can only be understood in the context of the life to come. Through their ministry, they make God present among people and provide Jesus own forgiveness for people. So their work really cannot be viewed in terms of material benefit, rather it is spiritual in nature. Their work is really directed to the life to come - they bring God and man together in this life so that man can live with God in eternal bliss in the next.

Catholicism in the sands of time

My Christian faith, for me, is one of the greatest gifts. So great, that I can't bear to keep quiet about it. So, I teach at Sunday school (Catechism) to share my faith with the beautiful children I meet there. A very interesting and amusing question I asked them is what is the meaning of the word Catholic.

Catholic means universal. And my next question to them: what does universal mean? Universal means applying to the whole world, to all people. A theme that appears repeatedly in the Catholic faith is the dissolution of boundaries - boundaries of all kinds. So it doesn't matter whether you are male or female, short or tall, Indian or American, black or white, everyone's invited, everyone's included.

A recurring theme in early Christianity is the transformation in the minds of those close to Jesus about the inclusive nature of the community He wished to be His own. The hints were there from Old Testament times, but became clearer and clearer during and after Jesus time. First, Jesus goes to foreign (Samaritan) lands and preaches to people, heals their sick, etc (the woman at the well, the Syrophoenician woman's daughter). He hints that the kingdom of God passes from those who were first called (the parable of the vineyard and tenants) to others.

During the Pentecost (early Church) period, the Apostles drastic perspective change is clear. Paul, restricted the Pharisaic Judaism of the strictest order is changed drastically after an encounter with the risen Jesus on the road to Damascus. He changes from one hating all non-Jews to the point of persecuting them, to one embracing Christianity, and preaching to so many different people and helping establish Christian communities in many foreign lands - the Apostle to the Gentiles (non-Jews).

Peter also undergoes a sea change of attitude after a vision indicating God's desire for him to overcome his Jewish mindset to open out to "pagans". He witness the same gifts given to a Roman officer named Cornelius as were given to the Apostles, so that he understood that all were chosen people, not only Jews. However this demand of opening out to all people challenged these two great pillars of the early Church in a famous argument between the two.

The requirements of the Jewish practice of circumcision was not required in an all inclusive Christian community, but the vestiges of ancient practices caused Peter's preferential treatment to the circumcised. Paul mentions how he argued that this was unacceptable. Paul's experience on the road to Damascus was so drastic that he even argued with Peter for the equal treatment of non-Jews as well.

It may be said that these early challenges of clarifying the Church's stance to diversity and difference in nationality, race, etc, have remained challenges at every age and time, till the present day. Despite the challenge, I have seen and continue to see a great openness and universal inclusion in the Catholic mentality. Hernan Cortes, the Spanish conquistador married a woman from the Americas, but he is just one of many. The ethnic mix in South and Central America, regions historically conquered and converted by the Catholic Spainsh and Portuguese varies between Hispanic, African and native American Indian. It is the same in Goa, India which has a Portuguese history and influence.

The Catholic Church is a worldwide family, with a father figure called the Pope. His role is closer to a protector than a dictator. His job not to impose his own will on the Church, but Christ's will. Christ's precise words to Peter were:

You are Peter (Kepha in Aramaic) and on this rock (kepha) I will build my Church, and the gates of Hades shall not stand against it. I will give you the keys to the kingdom and what you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven and what you loose on earth shalled be loosed in heaven

This entails the promise of Jesus that error will not creep into the Church. This is not personal error, but error in the Church's official teaching. Christ doesn't say the gates of Hades shall not stand against you (Peter).

Catholicism and the Lord of the Rings

Reading "The Lord of the Rings" by J.R.R Tolkien was such an overwhelming experience that had me glued for so many days. I borrowed a single volume edition of the trilogy and could hardly wait for the reading time before bed each day, journeying with the author into the lands of middle earth.

I'm not surprised therefore, to know of its overwhelming popularity - a survey by online bookstore Amazon gave LOTR the numero uno status, adjudging it the favorite book across countries and continents.

Fr Barron is the man behind http://www.wordonfire.org/, he's the exciting sensation on Catholic blogosphere, leveraging the power of the Internet to reach hungry online audiences through videos, talks, articles and other media. Catch him speaking on how Tolkien, a practicing Catholic, wove the story of the Lord of the Rings around his Catholic faith:

Part 1


Part 2

Week of Prayer for Christian Unity

This past Monday brought to a close the "Week of Prayer for Christian Unity", which started the previous Monday (January 18th). Each year at this time, Christians pray the prayer that the Lord Jesus Christ prayed and that the Apostle John recorded in his Gospel [John 17:11].

I recently finished reading the book "Rome Sweet Home" by Scott and Kimberly Hahn, on their journey to the Catholic Church. Scott and Kimberly were Prebyterian Christians steeped in the Scriptures and faith and practices of their Church. Scott describes their journey to Rome as follows:

"In truth, the journey began as a detective story, but soon it became more like a horror story, until it finally ended up as a great romance story - when Christ unveiled His Bride, the Church."

Peter Kreeft, author of "Handbook of Christian Apologetics" says in the foreword:

"Because of the intrinsic drama of its subject - man's quest for his Creator and his for him - all conversion stories are worth listening to. But not all arrest you and sweep you along like a powerful river as this one does."

Scott writes that as he grew deeper in faith along his journey, he began to realize the great desire of God for unity in the Church - that all believers join together so that they share the communion with one another and with Christ and so that the world sees a visibly united Body of Christ. This, unfortunately is not so today.

It is for this reason, that every year from January 18th to 25th, we observe the "Week of prayer for Christian Unity". This observance began in 1908 with the "Church Unity Octave", an experiment started by Lewis Thomas Wattson (1863-1940), an Episcopalian, at Graymoor, New York, to encourage Anglicans and Catholics to pray together for unity in response to Jesus plea to the Father: "I pray that they may all be one" [Jn 17:21a]. Almost as tangible proof of the efficacy of this prayerful exercise, Wattson, together with the Society of the Atonement founded by him on 7th October 1898 entered the Catholic Church on 30th October 1909.

Does the claim that the Catholic Church is the one true Church sound egotistic and self-righteous? It is not so, because it is Jesus who established the Church. We cannot not follow Him. To deny that the Church that Jesus founded is the true Church would be egotistical. We have a duty to the seek the Truth and once we find it, hold fast to it and defend it. It is honest for people to argue for their faith, even if they think we are wrong. But it should be done with charity and respect for the other person.

Indeed we can learn a lot from someone who has come to the Church from without. Scott Hahn was so overcome by the richness of Catholicism, especially the Eucharist that he feels they (Protestants, though we should rather call them separated brothers and sisters) have the menu while we Catholics have the meal. As cradle Catholics, we have in the Church and the Eucharist, great riches, but how much do we really appreciate it. In fact, if we really did, we would prepare for it sufficiently - the lines for the Confession would be full. Why is it that so few come for confession on Saturdays not only at our parish, but everywhere?

It is upto us to work on our relationship with God daily. We need to pray regularly and read the Bible and go for Mass often, because without this, we cannot face the enemy on our own. Only with God's help and with Jesus by our side can we courageously face up to the challenges of living out our Christian vocation. How can we share something we don't have? We need to know Jesus more and more - through prayer, the reading of the Scripture, listening attentively to homilies and teachings, reading books about the faith and about the Catholic Church. We should know Jesus to the point of overflowing with the desire to share Him. Jesus is not happy to see so many of our separated brothers and sisters not part of His one Body.

Therefore I urge you, dear brothers and sisters to pray to God our Father for the unity of all Christians. We need to join forces because our enemies are not our Christian brothers and sisters nor any other people, but Satan and all his wicked plans. He comes only to steal, kill and destroy. We fight against our own selves to master the desires that take us away from God. This is our greatest need - to be made more like God. But we should be faithful and help each other by our prayers, life and witness. For Bangaloreans, the book "Rome Sweet Home" is available at Pauline Publications, temporarily shifted to Albert Street.

Defending the Church today

The Church, an age-old institution, has believers around the globe. A big tree cannot sustain unless it has great strong roots. God himself has planted the seed of the Catholic Church. Jesus Christ is the fulfillment of God's promise of reconciliation between Him and us. Through Christ life and death, we can come back to God, cleansed by Divine Mercy and perfect love.

What times do you and I live in? Is it a time of world peace, a distance from war-time, decades after the World wars? Centuries after Christian martyrs and saints death? Our search for an answer takes us to the feet of Christ, listening to his words on peace and strife. Peace I leave with you, my peace I give you. I do not give as the world gives. Jesus speaks of inner peace, one that gives deep assurance.

Outside, Jesus warned of division, challenge, opposition, suffering and persecution. If one wonders why he said so, the pilgrim of truth finds meaning only deeper. This is challenge to us to a path that needs constant prayer. We are up in arms not against men, but against the treachery of the devil - forces inside of us and speaking to us in different ways. As Saint Paul wrote to early Christians in Ephesus, Greece, we fight not against flesh and blood, but the powers of darkness (Eph 6:12). How do we stand up to this challenge? What do we need?

This is a battle unlike any other. One that we can fight only because Jesus Christ is on our side. A battle against sin and death, forces of abortion, violence, sensuality and selfishness, imperfect and pleasure seeking love. Yet, God loves us and knows each hair on my head and yours. He only wants to give freely, the gift of love, truth and grace, the gift of life itself. If God is so good and has created us himself with love in our hearts, it is no wonder then, that we thirst for God deep inside. This holy thirst is good and has as its purpose, our complete peace and joy.

For any battle, we need to leave behind all hindering thoughts, take up armor and fight with faith. In the same way, we need to lay aside our fears, ask our Lord to cleanse our past, seek to be in communion with him each day, defend as one us, the Church, united in the Eucharist, in the presence of Christ, the light of the world, the Prince of everlasting peace, the greatest lover and shepherd, who alone can lead us against all arrows and swords. The greatest battle of all time is on, but we can only have the great King on our side if we pray, ask forgiveness and accept His gift of his presence. Let us all pray together.

Come, Emmanuel.

He who stands firm till the end will be saved.